每天一句：何凯文2014考研英语68

考研英语重在基础，建议广大考生在了解考研英语大纲的前提下，首先积累英语词汇量，并通过做阅读理解、翻译、写作等练习在词义方面加以提升，然后再考虑学习掌握答题技巧。当然，我们知道英语知识的复习是一个长期积累的过程。让我们跟随何凯文老师的每日一句。所谓：不积跬步，无以至千里;不积小流，无以成江海。坚持就是胜利!坚持也是一种信仰!

They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory，and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.

主干识别: 并列句主干一：They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory

并列句主干二：they are essential to practices

其他成分：in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements 定语从句

翻译点拨：词的处理：

They 它们(自由与尊严)，代词做主语，根据前文可知为：Freedom and dignity

man of traditional theory(在翻译的时候记住KK讲的增词原则，可以加上动词“定义”)

定语1，名词，定语2

(先后再前在加名词)

possessions 所有物，…拥有的东西

autonomous (self-governing) 自主行为的;自我管理的;自我约束的

practices 实践活动(经常是可以不翻译的一个废词)

is held responsible for 对……负责

given credit for 认可;赞誉;给予肯定

结构的突破：

they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.

初步翻译：they are essential to practices

自由和尊严对于实践活动是必须的。

in which a person is held responsible for his conduct

在这种实践活动中一个人应该为他的行为负责

(in which a person is ) given credit for his achievements.

在这种实践活动中一个人会因其业绩而给予肯定

思考： 如果能够把“实践活动”去了，会不会改变英语中的句子含义，因为“实践活动”在这里实在是冗长?

直接说：他们对于后面两件事情是必须的

试一下：一个人应该为他的行为负责

一个人会因其业绩而给予肯定

这对于(要求)一个人应该为他的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定而言，是必须的。

结论：实践活动就是后面的两件事情在这里只起到语法作用，没有语义功能可以去掉。

参考译文：自由和尊严(它们)是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。