考研英语冲刺30天第18天：新新题型篇
作者：李传伟 来源：新航道 时间：2008-01-14 14:22
二、段落标题题
段落标题题基本上是给段落找标题。做题步骤与技巧如下：
一）阅读5道题所对应的段落，主要是首末句，确定段落主题句或核心词（如反复出现的词）；
二）阅读给出的选项，划出其中的核心词；
三）将选项的核心词与段落核心词进行比较，相匹配的为答案。
四）有些选项为段落细节，不能做段落标题。
下面以2007年的考研英语真题为例进行说明。
1．第一题对应的段落（第二段）：第二段首句为段落主题句，其中的this process指代标题中的相应过程。观察段落，发现其中的review与identify所表示的过程都是帮助孩子定位。F中的figure out就是review与identify的意思。
2．第二题对应的段落（第三段）：第三段的主题不太明确，原因是出题人将该段前面的两个关键句删去了。所以，这道题做错也情有可原。不过，实际考试时除了看段落首句外，寻找反复出现的词也是一种方法。这一段反复出现的词是future，涉及这一关键词的是D。
3．第三题对应的段落（第四段）：第四段首句（主要是后半部分）也是段落主题句，即“父母应该负责教孩子如何工作”。B“培养孩子的工作技能”与此意思相同。
4．第四题对应的段落（第五段）：第五段末句为主题句，即“这些休闲活动阻碍了重要交流的发展”，言下之意是“应该对这些休闲活动加以限制”（注意全段所传达的“各类休闲活动都有不良后果”这一意思）。C说的正是这一意思。
5．第五题对应的段落（第六段）：段落中的deal with、solve指向E中的cope，因为它们是同义词；段落末句下了结论，其中的help也与E中的help重复。
综上所述，做段落标题题时既要注意段落首末句，也要注意段落中反复出现的词，有时候还需要总结段落大意。
今天的结束语是：Boldness stems from superb skills（艺高人胆大）。
Directions:
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A-G that best fits the meaning of each numbered. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
A. Set a Good Example for Your Kids
B. Build Your Kids’ Work Skills
C. Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities
D. Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis
E. Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies
F. Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They Are
G. Build Your Kids’ Sense of Responsibility
How can a Parent Help?
Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call “work-life unreadiness”:
41.
You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best.
42.
Kids need a range of authentic role models-as opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do they should be discouraged from saying “I have no idea” They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.
43.
Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.
44.
Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.
45.
They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.
What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a major role to play, but now it is more delicate. They have to be careful not to come across as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledging adult(as naïve or ill conceived as it may seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.
段落标题题基本上是给段落找标题。做题步骤与技巧如下：
一）阅读5道题所对应的段落，主要是首末句，确定段落主题句或核心词（如反复出现的词）；
二）阅读给出的选项，划出其中的核心词；
三）将选项的核心词与段落核心词进行比较，相匹配的为答案。
四）有些选项为段落细节，不能做段落标题。
下面以2007年的考研英语真题为例进行说明。
1．第一题对应的段落（第二段）：第二段首句为段落主题句，其中的this process指代标题中的相应过程。观察段落，发现其中的review与identify所表示的过程都是帮助孩子定位。F中的figure out就是review与identify的意思。
2．第二题对应的段落（第三段）：第三段的主题不太明确，原因是出题人将该段前面的两个关键句删去了。所以，这道题做错也情有可原。不过，实际考试时除了看段落首句外，寻找反复出现的词也是一种方法。这一段反复出现的词是future，涉及这一关键词的是D。
3．第三题对应的段落（第四段）：第四段首句（主要是后半部分）也是段落主题句，即“父母应该负责教孩子如何工作”。B“培养孩子的工作技能”与此意思相同。
4．第四题对应的段落（第五段）：第五段末句为主题句，即“这些休闲活动阻碍了重要交流的发展”，言下之意是“应该对这些休闲活动加以限制”（注意全段所传达的“各类休闲活动都有不良后果”这一意思）。C说的正是这一意思。
5．第五题对应的段落（第六段）：段落中的deal with、solve指向E中的cope，因为它们是同义词；段落末句下了结论，其中的help也与E中的help重复。
综上所述，做段落标题题时既要注意段落首末句，也要注意段落中反复出现的词，有时候还需要总结段落大意。
今天的结束语是：Boldness stems from superb skills（艺高人胆大）。
Directions:
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A-G that best fits the meaning of each numbered. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
A. Set a Good Example for Your Kids
B. Build Your Kids’ Work Skills
C. Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities
D. Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis
E. Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies
F. Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They Are
G. Build Your Kids’ Sense of Responsibility
How can a Parent Help?
Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call “work-life unreadiness”:
41.
You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best.
42.
Kids need a range of authentic role models-as opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do they should be discouraged from saying “I have no idea” They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.
43.
Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.
44.
Playing video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.
45.
They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.
What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a major role to play, but now it is more delicate. They have to be careful not to come across as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledging adult(as naïve or ill conceived as it may seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.
