黑暗版阅读真题解析1997Text 2

重点词汇：

courteous /5kE:tjEs/ （有礼貌的）即court+eous，court看作单词"宫廷"，-eous形容词后缀，"宫廷的"→有礼貌的。

observation /7EbzE:5veiFEn/ （观察；pl.观察后的言论）←observe观察+ation。God creates by intuition; man creates by inspiration, strengthened by observation.上帝凭着直觉创造，人类凭着由观察加强的灵感创造。

deserve /di5zE:v/ （v.应受，值得）与desert一起记，"沙漠是应该受到重视的"。It is better to deserve honors and not to have them than to have them and not deserve them.理应拥有荣誉而不拥有它们胜过拥有荣誉而不应拥有它们。None is of freedom or of life deserving unless he daily conquers it anew.只有每天再度战胜生活并夺取自由的人，才配享受生活或自由。

charitable /5tFAritEbl/ （仁慈的）即charit(y)+able，charity仁慈，-able形容词后缀。A bone to the dog is not charity. Charity is the bone shared with the dog, when you are just as hungry as the dog.给狗一根骨头算不上仁慈，仁慈是在你跟狗一样饥饿时与狗分享的骨头。charity - ①giving someone the washing machine it wasn't worth having mended ②the only thing that can persuade us to get rid of old clothes and shoes 慈善--①将已经不值得修理的洗衣机送给别人 ②唯一能够说服我们清除破旧衣鞋的理由。

assumption /E5sQmpFEn/ （假定；承担；呈现）是assume的名词形式；参consumption，2002年Text 3。assumption - the mother of screw-up 臆断--把事情弄糟的根源。

interrelationship /5intE(:)ri5leiFEnFip/ （相互关系）即inter+relation+ship，inter-相互，relation关系，-ship抽象名词后缀。

encounter /in5kauntE/ （v.n.遭遇）即en+counter，en-使，counter对面，"使面对面"→遭遇。If we encountered a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he read.若遇到才智非凡的人，就应该问他读的是哪些书。

individual /7indi5vidjuEl/ （个别的；个体）即in+divid+ual，in-否定前缀，divid词根"分"，-ual后缀，"不可再分的"→个别的。同根词：divide（v.分配；除）；subdivide→sub在下+divide→"在下面分"→再分。The worth of a state, in the long run, is the worth of the individuals composing it.归根结底，国家的价值就是组成它的个人的价值。In science, the total absorption of the individual event in the generalization is the goal; on the other hand, the humanities are concerned rather with providing for the special meaning of the individual event within an appropriate general system.自然科学以在归纳中全部吸收个别情况为目标，人文科学则更关心在适当的一般性体系之内提供个别情况的特殊意义。individual - a multitude of one million divided by one million 个人--一百万除一百万所得的人数。

exclusively /ik5sklu:sivli/ （专有地；排外地）是exclude（v.除外）的副词形式。Freedom is always and exclusively freedom for the one who thinks differently.对于独立思考的人，自由永远是也只能是自由。

entertain /7entE5tein/ （v.招待；使快乐）即enter+tain，enter-(=inter)，tain词根"容纳"，于是"使容纳进来"→招待→使快乐；名词形式为entertainment←entertain+ment。同根词：contain→con+tain→"一起容纳"→容纳。Some women seem to be able to entertain everybody but their husband.有些女人似乎能够使任何人愉快，自己的丈夫除外。There are days when any electrical appliance in the house, including the vacuum cleaner, seems to offer more entertainment than the TV set.有时候房间里的任何电器，包括吸尘器，似乎都能比电视机提供更多的娱乐。