黑暗版阅读真题解析1999 Text 5

重点词汇：

supposedly /sE5pEuzidli/ （大概；据推测）即suppose+(e)d+ly，suppose（猜想；假设），-ed形容词后缀，-ly副词后缀。My own suspicion is that the universe is not only queerer than we suppose, but queerer than we can suppose.我个人隐约觉得，宇宙之奇异不仅超过我们所料想的，更超过我们所能够料想的。We can not suppose that some men have a right to be in this world, and others no right.我们无法假定一些人有权力活在世上而另一些人没有。

particularly /pE5tikjulEli/ （特别地；显著地）即particul+ar+ly，particul(=particle)微粒，-ar形容词后缀，-ly副词后缀，“连细微处的性质都具备地”→特别地；形容词形式为particular←particul+ar。Particulars are not to be examined till the whole has been surveyed.在概括地考察整体之前先不要探究细节。In heaven an angel is nobody in particular.在天堂里天使不是什么特别的人物。

substitute /5sQbstitju:t/ （v.替代n.替代物）即sub+stitute，sub-“在下”，stitute词根“放置”，于是“在下面放置的”→“准备用作替换的”→替代或替代物。参constitutional，2002年Text 4。There is no substitute for hard work.任何东西都代替不了勤奋工作。Democracy substitutes election by the incompetent many for appointment by the corrupt few.民主政治以无能的多数进行的选择代替腐败的少数作出的委任。

imaginative /i5mAdVinEtiv/ （富想象力的）即imagin(e)+ative，imagine（v.想象），-ative“多……的”。Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.一个人能够想象出的任何东西都会有别人把它变为现实。

conference /5kCnfErEns/ （会议；协商）即con+fer+ence，con-一起，fer词根“拿来”=bring，-ence名词后缀，“把意见拿到一起来协商”→会议。A conference is a gathering of important people who singly can do nothing, but together can decide that nothing can be done.会议就是重要人物的聚会，他们独自干不了什么事，但是在一起能决议什么事也干不了。Reading make a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.阅读使人充实，交谈使人机智，写作使人精确。conference — just an admission that you want somebody to join you in your troubles 会议——仅仅是一种加入权，即你遇到麻烦时，想要别人加入进来与你分担。

budget /5bQdVit/ （v.n.预算）看作bud+get。The only good budget is a balanced budget.只有平衡的预算才是好的预算。budget — ①just another name for a family quarrel ②a detailed record of how you managed to spend more than you earned 预算——①家庭纠纷的代名词而已 ②表明你如何设法花掉比你所挣的钱还要多的一份详细记录。

worthwhile /5wE:T5(h)wail/ （值得的）←worth+while。Love doesn't make the world go round. Love is what makes the ride worthwhile.爱情并不推动世界，它只是使人生值得。

speculate /5spekju7leit/ （推测；投机）即specul+ate，specul词根“看”=spect，-ate动词后缀，联想：考研阅读题每个都不会做，对四个选项“看”来“看”去，希望看（推测）出答案，未果，最后只能看天由命（投机）了，于是悄悄拿出两枚硬币……There are two times in a man's life when he should not speculate; when he can't afford it and when he can.人的一生中有两个时候不应投机：投机不起的时候和投机得起的时候。

victim /5viktim/ （受害者，牺牲品）。Men who do not make advances to women are apt to become victims to women who make advances to them.不追逐女人的男人容易成为追逐他们的女人的牺牲品。

consistently /kEn5sistEntli/ （始终如一地）即con+sist+ent+ly，con-一直，sist词根“站”，-ent形容词后缀，-ly副词后缀，“一直站在那里地”→始终如一地；形容词形式为consistent←con+sist+ent；名词形式为consistency←con+sist+ency名词后缀。Consistency is contrary to nature, contrary to life. The only completely consistent people are the dead.一成不变违反自然、违反生命，能够做到完全始终如一的只有死人。Consistency is the last resort of the unimaginative.一致性是缺乏想象力的人们的最后乐园。consistency — ①what requires you to be as ignorant today as you were a year ago ②the last refuge of the imaginative 前后一致——①要求你今天像一年前一样无知 ②富有想象力的人的最后避难所。

convince /kEn5vins/ （使信服）。The best way to convince a fool that he is wrong is to let him have his own way.使愚人认识错误的最好办法，是让他走自己的路。

faithfully /5feiWfuli/ （忠实地；守信地）←faithful+ly。Books are those faithful mirrors that reflect to our minds thoughts of sages and heroes.书籍是忠实的镜子，把圣贤英杰的思想反映到我们的头脑中。faithful woman — a woman who doesn't want two men to suffer as the same time 忠实的女人——不愿让两个男人同时受折磨的女人。

auditor /5C:ditE/ （审计员）用熟词editor（编者）记：auditor与editor的工作都是审查，但auditor审查的是钱，故以au开头←金的化学符号即Au。

distract /dis5trAkt/ （v.分散；扰乱）即dis+tract，dis-(=away)，tract词根“拉”，“把注意力拉出去”→分散注意力。The reason why we are so pleased to find out other people's secrets is that it distracts public attention from our own.我们所以如此乐于发现别人的秘密，是由于它能分散大家对我们自身秘密的注意。

register /5redVistE/ （注册；自动计数器）。History, which is, indeed, little more than the register of the crimes, follies, and misfortunes of mankind.历史实在不过是人类的罪行、蠢事与不幸的记录。

conformity /kEn5fC:miti/ （遵守；顺从）←conform+ity名词后缀。conformity — the jailer of freedom and the enemy of growth 顺从——自由的狱卒，成长的大敌。

inquire /in5kwaiE/ （v.调查；询问）=enquire。Luck stops at the door and inquires whether prudence is within.好运在节俭的门前止步，问讯它是否在家。

neglect /ni5^lekt/ （v.n.忽视；忽略）即neg+lect，neg-否定前缀（如negative→neg+ative形容词后缀→否定的；负的），lect词根“选择”（如elect→e+lect→v.选举，e-前缀=ex-）。Paying attention to simple little things that most men neglect makes a few men rich.注意多数人忽视的简单小事使少数人致富。A little neglect may breed mischief,... for want of a nail the shoe was lost; for want of a shoe the horse was lost; and for want of a horse the rider was lost.微小的疏忽可能酿成祸害，……缺一根钉子就会掉一块蹄铁，掉一块蹄铁就会失去一匹马，失去一匹马就会失去一名骑手。

profitable /5prCfitEbl/ （有益的，有利可图的）即profit+able，profit（v.n.收益；利润），-able可……的。Genuine ignorance is… profitable because it is likely to be accompanied by humility, curiosity, and open-mindedness.真正的无知……不无益处，因为它很可能伴有谦虚、好奇、及思想开放。That is a good book which is opened with expectation and closed with profit.使人怀着期待打开、带着收益合上的书就是好书。Great men are those who profit the most from the fewest mistakes.伟人是由最少的错误获得最多益处的人。

underestimate /5QndEr5estimeit/ （v.n.低估）←under+estimate估计；反义词为overestimate→over+estimate→高估。Never underestimate a man who overestimates himself.切勿低估一个过高估计他自己的人。

cut and dried 千篇一律；odd ball 古怪的人。