黑暗版阅读真题解析1999 Text 3

难句解析：

①An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students' career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform.
▲这是本篇首句，对于本文理解至关重要。在结构上这是个简单句，复杂之处在于divides后面所跟的两个作宾语的those。those后面跟的都是由arguing引导的作为限定成分的现在分词短语，结构相似。注意短语中介词用法，on the behalf of和本句最后一个for都有"因为......的原因"的意思。
△主要把两个those后面的限定成分弄清楚，就知道了两种论点的不同之处，还要注意的是本句的介词所代表的意思。

②An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law.
▲首先看这个句子的主语an education，它带了一个that引导的定语从句，其中that在这个从句中作主语，谓语是aims at，后面跟了一个动名词短语作介词宾语；这个句子的谓语是is，后面作表语的是名词a technical education，在这之后是一个过去分词justified引导的短语修饰上句的表语名词，这个短语中作为介词宾语的reasons带了一个形容词different前导的短语，其中from后面跟的介词宾语是个why引导的从句。
△理解这个句子的关键，一是明白主语所带从句的含义，再是表语所带的过去分词短语，尤其是其中why引导的介词宾语从句。

③Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently access how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.
▲这个句子的难点在于conception后面所跟的限定成分，尤其是citizen后面的部分，在这里a character复指的是the American citizen，其后是一个who引导的定语从句，是个主从复合句，其中主句是who is incomplete，从句是if引导的条件从句，这个条件从句中的谓语动词access跟了一个how引导的宾语从句。
△对这个句子的理解关键在于后半部分对the American citizen的解释，尤其是if引导的条件从句的含义，是整篇文章的重点内容。

④Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
▲这里的主语this指的是前面所说的professional training，后面不定式短语中动词produce的宾语是professional，前面的成分是修饰这个词的短语，接着是他点状语，其中country带了两个修饰成分，前一个是形容词词性的短语as large as ours，后一个是where引导的定语从句，这个从句的主语the economy有两个谓语动词：is和involves，后面都用了相似的结构so many，表示强调。

⑤But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.
▲该句是个主从复合句，前面for引导的短语表示的是对象，注意主句的表语the way跟了一个不定式to go，从句由since引导，这个从句的主干结构是skills... can be the difference，其中difference带了一个介词短语between... and...，and后面的not可以补足为not having a job。再者就是中的插入成分，all other factors being equal，这是一个独立主格结构，在本句中作为插入短语，起到限制的作用。
△理解好since后面的原因状语从句是这个句子的关键，当然还要注意for后面所跟的对象，以及主句不太确定的语气：might be the way。