2004年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案

 
Section II Use of English（满分10分） Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21)[] on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22)[] they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23)[] with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in (24)[] to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status (25)[] as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26)[] the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27)[] lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28)[] to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29)[] juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30)[] to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31)[] make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32)[] lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also(33)[] changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; (34)[], children are likely to have less supervision at home (35)[] was common in the traditional family (36)[]. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37)[] causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (38)[] of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39)[] of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (40)[] a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

21、
 A. acting
 B. relying
 ing
 D. commenting

22、
 A. before
 B. unless
 
 D. because

23、
 A. interactions
 B. assimilation
 ation
 D. consultation

24、
 A. return
 B. reply
 nce
 D. response

25、
 A. or
 B. but rather
 
 D. or else

26、
 A. considering
 B. ignoring
 ghting
 D. discarding

27、
 A. on
 B. in
 
 D. with

28、
 A. immune
 B. resistant
 ive
 D. subject

29、
 A. affect
 B. reduce
 
 D. reflect

30、
 A. point
 B. lead
 
 D. amount

31、
 A. in general
 B. on average
  contrast
 D. at length

32、
 A. case
 B. short
 
 D. essence

33、
 A. survived
 B. noticed
 aken
 D. experienced

34、
 A. contrarily
 B. consequently
 rly
 D. simultaneously

35
 
 B. that
 
 D. as

36、
 A. system
 B. structure
 t
 D. heritage

37、
 A. assessable
 B. identifiable
 ible
 D. incredible

38、
 A. expense
 B. restriction
 tion
 D. availability

39、
 A. incidence
 B. awareness
 re
 D. popularity

40、
 A. provided
 B. since
 C. although
 D. supposing