新题型练习贴(15)（七选五）

相关技术篇：注意篇章连贯性 三类线索巧解考研英语新题型
本期内容：
Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

　　 The United States is stuck in its drug abuse metaphors and in polarized arguments about them. Everyone has an opinion. One side insists that we must control supply, the other that we must reduce demand. People see addiction as either a disease or as a failure of will. None of this analysis moves us forward. The truth is that we will make progress in dealing with drug issues only when our national discourse and our strategies are as complex and comprehensive as the problem itself.

　　41_______________. The consequence is virtually uncontrollable compulsive drug longing, seeking, and use that interferes with, if not destroys, an individual's functioning in the family and in society. This medical condition demands formal treatment.

　　 We now know in great detail the brain mechanisms through which drugs acutely modify mood, memory, perception, and emotional states.
    42_____________.We do not yet know all the relevant mechanisms, but the evidence suggests that those long-lasting brain changes are responsible for the distortions of cognitive and emotional functioning that characterize addicts, particularly including the compulsion to use drugs that is the essence of addiction.

　　43_______________.This brain-based view of addiction has generated substantial controversy, particularly among people who seem able to think only in polarized ways.

　　44_______________.Modern science has taught that it is much too simplistic to set biology in opposition to behavior or to pit willpower against brain chemistry. Addiction involves inseparable biological and behavioral components. It is the quintessential bio-behavioral disorder.

　　45_______________. Research contradicts that position. However, the recognition that addiction is a brain disease does not mean that the addict is simply a hapless victim. Addiction begins with the voluntary behavior of using drugs, and addicts must participate in and take some significant responsibility for their recovery. Thus, having this brain disease does not absolve the addict of responsibility for his or her behavior, but it does explain why an addict cannot simply stop using drugs by sheer force of will alone. It also dictates a much more sophisticated approach to dealing with the array of problems surrounding drug abuse and addiction in our society.

　　 [A] Many people also erroneously still believe that drug addiction is simply a failure of will or of strength of character.

　　 [B] Using drugs repeatedly over time changes brain structures and function in fundamental and long-lasting ways that can persist long after the individual stops using them. Addition comes about through an array of neuro-adaptive changes and the laying down and strengthening of new memory connections in various circuits in the brain.

　　 [C] Many people erroneously still believe that biological and behavioral explanations are alternative or competing ways to understand phenomena, when in fact they can be complemented and integrated.

　　 [D] The entire concept of addiction has suffered greatly from imprecision and misconception.

　　 [E] A core concept that has been evolving with scientific advances over the past decade is that drug addiction is a brain disease that develops over time as a result of the initially voluntary behavior of using drugs.

　　 [F] It is as if drugs have hijacked the brain's natural motivational control circuits, resulting in drug use becoming the sole, or at least the top, motivational priority for the individual. Thus, the majority of the biomedical community now considers addiction, in its essence, to be a brain disease: a condition caused by persistent changes in brain structure and function.

　　 [G] The distinction historically revolved around whether or not dramatic physical withdrawal symptoms occur when an individual stops taking a drug; what we in the field now call "physical dependence".

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