考研英语主观题40分攻略(21)

来源：北航出版社 | 时间：2008-10-16 | 阅读：900 次 | [大中小] [收藏] [划词 ]

第二部分写作

第三章写作的步骤 第三节动笔拟稿

动笔拟稿(drafting)是建立在认真构思的基础之上的。拟稿的时间不应太长，一般限定在20～30分钟之内。拟稿是草拟提纲。草拟的理由是：由于写作测试时间紧，没有充裕的时间去酝酿，从选词造句到谋篇布局都不可能像平时训练那样字斟句酌。同时，草拟有助于主题的进一步把握，材料的合理取舍和安排，不至于下笔时无章可循，离题万里。

鉴于此，我们应着重考虑如下两个对策：

一、措词与表达

在具体写作过程中，一定要做到用词准确，表达简明扼要，写作时要从读者的角度出发，开门见山，平铺直叙，简明扼要地把自己的思想表达清楚。切忌“峰回路转，一波三折”。要尽可能地选用自己有把握的词语和自己能熟练运用的句型来表达思想。

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二、逻辑组织

遣词造句、组段谋篇，要注意上下衔接、前后照应。要有逻辑地完成句子间的衔接和段落间的过渡。

(1)要注意句子与句子之间的逻辑衔接，突出论据间的逻辑关系。在下笔之前要先想好每一段写几个句子，写什么样的句子，怎样安排句子的顺序和句子间的过渡，以避免出现与主题无关、前后矛盾的句子。此外，还要注意句子的多样性。在一个段落或一篇短文中，既有短句，又有长句；既有简单句，又有并列句和主从复合句，文章才会显得生动。

(2)段落间的过渡。在写作的过程中要注意段落间的相互联系，考虑段落的连接和转折，采用“启、承、转、合”等手法，恰当而合乎逻辑地把段落连接起来，使段落之间过渡自然、前后照应，否则文章就会显得松散、零乱，成为几个相互毫无联系的段落。

通过以上分析，例1中的文章就可以这样拟稿：

Procrastination

We tend to procrastinate our business.This happens in almost all walks of our life.We would put off todays unfinished work until tomorrow，and tomorrow we would do todays unfinished job.We seem to have slipped into such a habit and never got out.

We postpone trying to accomplish troublesome things，not only because we want to avoid difficulties，but also because we are hesitant and uncertain.As a result，we are forever leaving something undone.In many cases these troublesome matters will turn out to be trivial and can be solved without too much effort.

Each time we put off until tomorrow what we can do today，we will encounter additional problems that will make it even harder to finish the tasks that originally were quite simple.In other words，the cumulative effect of procrastination can be disastrous.

If it is because the task seems difficult，even insurmountable，procrastination still will not solve anything.Taking positive action usually will help us move forward and will lead to the best results.If we dont try to pursue our goals，we will never be able to attain them.

Dont let bagatelle weigh you down.Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.Follow this motto and you will hold your fortune in your hand.(216 words)

【例1】

Directions:

Title: Parttime Jobs For Students

Outline: (1) Advantages;
(2) Disadvantages;

(3) Comments

根据以上分析步骤，考生可对此题如法炮制。

Parttime Jobs For Students

More and more students are doing part-time work.Students working part time usually have a positive attitude toward this extra-curriculum experience.Besides earning some money to support themselves，they can learn a lot which cannot be learned from textbooks.They will learn to get along with different kinds of people，get useful working experiences and learn the value of labor.

However，there are also some disadvantages in students doing part-time work.For example,too much work may cut into students study time when they should get the best out of their college life and lay a good foundation for their future work.Another disadvantage is that money earned，if not properly used，may lead to some bad habits，or even greed.

Good or bad，it is not easy for students to get part-time jobs in China now.Even if they do get some work，it is often badly paid.This is due to the deep-rooted tradition in our country.To change the situation，the society should develop a fresh look at students doing part-time work and provide them with opportunities in applying what they learn in classroom to the real life situation of our society.(195 words)