一天一篇真题记单词（37-1999 阅读TEXT3）
【写在前面】
暑假可以说是备考的黄金时间了，如何利用好这2个月的宝贵时间，全面提升各科实力，想必是诸多考研学子最想知道的事了吧。各种备考方法纷繁复杂，备考资料五花八门，如何不让这个暑假虚度呢，如何学才能更有效率呢。我想有一个方法是大家公认的，那就是做真题。数学，英语，专业课，真题都是最宝贵的资料。一天一篇真题记单词，在推出后受到了大家的认可，当然也有很多不足之处，在上学期出了20期后，暑期版隆重推出，希望能陪伴大家度过一个充实的暑假备战时期。
【真题原文】
An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students' career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers on the subject have explored this distinction-in-deed, contradiction--which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom.
An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education. Justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. It is not simply to raise everyone' s job prospects that all children are legally required to attendschool into their teens. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case; before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age, it was widely accepted that some were just not equipped by nature to pursue this kind of education. With optimism characteristic of all industrialized countries, we came to accept that everyone is fit to be educated. Computer-education advocates forsake this optimistic notion for a pessimism that betrays their otherwise cheery outlook. Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools, computer advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over their educational achievement .
There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early on in order to make sure children are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. Of course, the basics of using any computer these days are very simple. It does not take a lifelong acquaintance to pick up various software programs. If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story. Basic computer skills take--at the very longest-a couple of months to learn. In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. It should be observed, of course, that no school, vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.
【单词讲解】
1. invisible adj. 看不见的, 无形的
2. border n. 边界, 国界, 边, 边沿, 边境 vt. 与...接壤, 接近 v. 接壤
3. behalf n. 为, 利益
4. reform n. 改革, 改善, 改良运动, 感化 vt. 改革, 革新, 重新组成 vi. 革新, 改过, 重组
5. campaign n. [军]战役, (政治或商业性)活动, 竞选运动 vi. 参加活动, 从事活动, 作战[固定搭配]
enter upon a campaign 发动运动, 走上征途. on campaign 出征, 从军
6. justify v. 证明...是正当的
7. competently adv. 胜任地, 适合地
8. assess vt. 估定, 评定
9. livelihood n. 生计, 谋生
10. pursue vt. 1 追赶, 追踪, 追击, 继续2 从事
11. forsake vt. 放弃, 抛弃
12. pessimism n. 悲观, 悲观主义
13. betray vt. 1 出卖, 背叛, 泄露(秘密)2 露出...迹象
14. cheery adj. 愉快的
15. vocational adj. 职业的
16. presumptuous adj. 专横的
17. insist v. 坚持, 强调
18. acquaintance n. 相识, 熟人
19. host n. 1 主人2 旅馆招待 3 许多 vt. 当主人招待 主机
【参考译文】
对于在课堂上计算机教育的问题有两派不同的意见，一种是站在学生未来工作的角度考虑，一种是站在教育改革的大背景下考虑。这两派意见之间存在一种无形的界限。很少有人探讨这一区别——实际上，是这一矛盾——它直指计算机教育运动错误的核心。
旨在使学生获得某种工作的教育是职业教育，它存在的理由与法律普遍要求的教育之间有很大差别。根据法律要求，所有儿童都必须上学至十几岁，其目的并非单纯增加他们的就业机会。然而，我们持有作为美国公民的某种观念，即如果他不能准确判断自身的生活和幸福是如何受到外界影响的，他的人格就是不完整的。但情况并不总是如此，在法律要求所有儿童在达到一定年龄之后，就必须入学接受教育之前，人们普遍认为有些儿童天生就不适合接受这种教育。随着乐观的思想遍布所有工业化国家，我们开始接受人人都适合受教育的观念。倡导计算机教育的人抛弃了这一乐观理念，取而代之的是与他们乐观的外表相悖的悲观论调。基于将计算机引入课堂的“教育论”和“职业论”的混淆，计算机教育的倡导者常常只强调毕业生的就业前景，而忽略了他们的教育成就。
有人支持为学生提供适合他们类型的技术教育，很多欧洲的学校在早期引入职业训练的概念，就是为了确保孩子将来能够从事他们希望的职业提供合适的训练。然而你很难说就有那么多的工作机会提供给那么多的科学家、商人和会计。此外，在一个象我们这样广大的国家里，在我们这样一个经济扩展到那么多国家、有那么多跨国公司的国家里，很难保证为各行各业提供数量刚好合适的从业人员。
但是对少数学生而言，职业培训也许是可取之路因为在其他因素相同的情况下，熟练的技能是能否得到工作的关键。当然，目前计算机的基本操作非常简单，不需要用一辈子去熟悉使用各种不同的软件程序。当然，如果想成为一名计算机工程师的话，情况就完全不同了。基本的计算机技能最长也只需几个月的时间就可学会。无论如何，在任何一类专业人员所需要的众多真才实学中，计算机基础技能只是一种辅助技能。当然应该看到的是，不管是职业学校、还是普通学校，混淆计算机教学的目的，都不会受益。
【作业】
1.学习完单词后自己认真翻译原文，并将原文中红色字体部分句子的译文回帖，认真答题者奖励100HY
2.自己认真总结本篇文章的词组，长难句，可以整理在本子上（推荐），也可以跟帖总结，把每天的帖子当作你的笔记本
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