沪江考研 - 一天一篇真题记单词（34-1998 阅读TEXT5）

一天一篇真题记单词（34-1998 阅读TEXT5）

来源：沪江论坛 | 时间：2008-07-20 | 作者：娃娃没人疼7 | 阅读：351 次 | [大中小] [收藏] [划词 ] 评论 0 条

2009年考研大纲汇总专题
2009年新东方考研网络课程

【写在前面】

暑假可以说是备考的黄金时间了，如何利用好这2个月的宝贵时间，全面提升各科实力，想必是诸多考研学子最想知道的事了吧。各种备考方法纷繁复杂，备考资料五花八门，如何不让这个暑假虚度呢，如何学才能更有效率呢。我想有一个方法是大家公认的，那就是做真题。数学，英语，专业课，真题都是最宝贵的资料。一天一篇真题记单词，在推出后受到了大家的认可，当然也有很多不足之处，在上学期出了20期后，暑期版隆重推出，希望能陪伴大家度过一个充实的暑假备战时期。

【真题原文】

Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface. On the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.

That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directions or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots, anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the question. From an analysis of the hot spot population it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.

The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate comes to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layer creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops deep fissures (cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability (inconstancy).

【单词讲解】

1.globe  n. 1 球体, 地球仪, 地球2 世界

2.isolated  adj. 隔离的,孤立的, 单独

3.volcanic adj. 火山的, 象火山的, 猛烈的, 易突然发作的, 爆发的 n. 火山岩

4.boundary n. 边界, 分界线

5.drift n. 冲洗, 漂流物, 漂流 v. (使)漂流

6.milestone n. 1 里程碑, 里程标2 重要事件, 转折点

7.complementary adj. 补充的, 补足的

8.feature  n. 面貌的一部分(眼,口,鼻等)特征, 容貌, 特色, 特写
vt. 是...的特色, 特写, 放映 vi.起重要作用

9.span n. 1 跨度, 跨距2 范围 v. 横越, [喻] 弥补

10.reminder n. 1 提醒的人2 暗示

11.motion n. 运动, 动作 v. 运动

12.stationary adj. 固定的

13.anchor n. 锚 v. 抛锚, 锚定

14.significance n. 意义, 重要性

15.confine vt. 限制, 禁闭 n. 界限, 边界
[固定搭配] be confined to (局)限于， (被)限制［封闭］在；
between the confines of... 之间的界线；
on the confines of 濒于，差一点儿就

16.propel vt. 推进, 驱使

17.dome n. 圆屋顶

18.fissure n. 裂缝, 裂沟, (思想, 观点等的)分歧 v. (使)裂开, (使)分裂

19.mutability n. 易变性, 性情不定

20.inconstancy n. 反复无常

【参考译文】

线互相重合，而且还有一些地质特征表明两个大陆曾经连在一起。带有这些大陆的板块的相对运动已经有了详细的阐述，但是一个板块相对于另一板块运动不能说是板块相对地球内部的运动。人们不能确定两个大陆是否在朝反方向运动，也不能确定是否一个大陆停止不动，而另一个漂移开去。位于地球更深层的热点提供了解决该问题的测量仪器。
从热点地区的人口分析，非洲板块是固定的，在过去的3000 万年里没有移动过。热点地区的重要性并不仅仅局限于作为参考根据，它们对推动全球板块的物理变化也有重要影响。当大陆板块停在一个热点地区上时，地球深处涌出的物质就形成了一个宽阔的穹顶，随着穹顶不断生长，就会产生深深的裂缝。有些时候，大陆会沿着某些这样的裂缝完全裂开，这样热点地区就导致了新的大洋的诞生。就像早期理论解释了大陆的可移动性一样，热点地区能够解释大陆的不稳定性。

【作业】

1.学习完单词后自己认真翻译原文，并将原文中红色字体部分句子的译文回帖，认真答题者奖励100HY

2.自己认真总结本篇文章的词组，长难句，可以整理在本子上（推荐），也可以跟帖总结，把每天的帖子当作你的笔记本