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23. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack.
【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异,因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济,特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时候。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句。主句的主干是Economists have been particularly surprised。在表示原因的状语从句中,其宾语从句中especially America's economy是 both economies的同位语。
【讲词】 conventional意为“普通的,常规的”。a conventional church wedding(传统的教堂式婚礼),conventional symbols(常用的象征),a conventional form of address(称呼的惯用形式),conventional weapons(常规武器)。
24. The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
【译文】 可惜的是,这最令人震惊的解释也有缺陷。一些经济学家认为,世界经济结构强有力的变化已经推翻了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
【析句】 第一个句子相对比较简单。第二个句子的主干是Some economists argue,宾语是一个从句,而从句的宾语又跟了一个定语从句(that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation),修饰the old economic models。
【讲词】 upend一词由动词短语end up衍生而来,意为“结束,推翻”。
defective意为“有缺陷的;(智商或行为有)欠缺的”,或“有缺陷的人(物)”。 He is defective in moral sense.(他不能分辨邪正。)His speech can only be described as defective.(他的演讲很有不妥之处。)
1997 Translation25. Actually,it isn't,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have.
【译文】事实并非如此,因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的,而这种共同认识并不存在。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句,主语是it isn't,省略了表语,完整的说法是it isn't a useful,ground-clearing way to start。because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights是一个表示原因的状语从句,其表语an agreed account of human rights跟了一个定语从句which is something the world doesn't have。注意状语从句中的主语it指代上文的the question,it assumes意思是“这种问题(问法)是假定的”。
【讲词】account一词的正确理解是翻译的关键。an agreed account of human rights意思是“an agreed understanding of human rights”。
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