沪研本周推荐图书
《政治理论马克思主义基本原理(哲学、政经)重难点分析》
19. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”
【译文】 拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生和其他一些先验主义哲学家认为学校教育和死啃书本抑制了孩子们的天性。“我们被关在中小学和大学的背诵室里十年或十五年,最后出来时满腹经纶却什么也不懂。”
【析句】 理解这句话并不难,但是有些单词和词组(或搭配)平时可能不大遇到。transcendentalist意为“先验论者”或“先验论的”,schooling等于education(教育),rigorous book learning(拼命学习或死啃书本),unnatural restraints(非自然的束缚),college recitation rooms(大学的背诵教室),a bellying of words(相当于汉语的“一肚子墨水”或“满腹经纶”)。
20. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”
【译文】 霍夫斯塔特说,掌握我们国家教育体系的人“喜不自禁地、咄咄逼人地宣扬对才智的敌视,并且迫不及待地认同那些看来最没有希望在才智上有造就的孩子。”
【析句】 本句的主干是Hofstadter says…,其中people后面的who引导一个定语从句who joyfully… promise,而children后面又有一个 who引导的定语从句。
21. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.
【译文】 希腊人认为,语言结构与思维过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别之前早就已在欧洲扎下了根。
【析句】 本句包含一个非限制性定语从句。句子的主语为The Greeks,谓语是assumed, that引导一个宾语从句,而which所引导的非限制性定语从句修饰这个宾语从句。在which从句中,how diverse language could be是realized的宾语从句。注意本句中 which指代前面的句子,应译为“这一观点”,some在此处应译为“某种”,而不是“一些”。
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