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Early alcohol use leads to abuse 过早饮酒会导致酒精滥用
Mar 6th 2007
From The Christian Science Monitor

For six years, John Donovan's "hobby" was to dig up hard-to-find data on children's use of alcohol. With so much attention paid to binge drinking by high-schoolers and college students, he wanted to shine a light on what was happening with kids even before junior high.

在这六年里,John Donovan致力于从生涩数据中分析发现儿童饮酒的情况.通过将注意力集中在高中和大学生的滥酒行为,他希望让人们看清楚那些小孩在甚至没有上初中以前所发生的事情.

"The younger that people are when they start to drink," says Mr. Donovan, an associate professor of psychiatry and epidemiology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, "the more likely they are to have problems with alcohol in adolescence and in later life, and the more likely they are to be involved in a whole variety of other problematic behaviors," like absence from school, delinquency, use of illicit drugs, drunken driving, and risky sexual activity.

John Donovan 这位匹兹堡医学中心大学的精神病学和流行病学的副教授说道:"孩子们越早开始饮酒,他们就越有可能在青春期和将来的人生当中遇到酒精滥用的问题,并且越有可能导致各种有问题的行为"如逃课,犯罪,使用违禁药品,酒后驾车以及冒险的性行为.

By eighth grade, about 40 percent of American students say they've had some alcohol, but Donovan looked at an even younger set in a report just published in the September issue of Prevention Science. He found that between fourth and sixth grades, the prevalence of alcohol use increases significantly. In one national survey, for instance, about 10 percent of fourth-graders and 29 percent of sixth-graders said they'd had more than a sip of alcohol. In a survey in New York State, 21 percent of fifth- and sixth-graders reported having had a drink of alcohol at some point, including 7 percent who had drunk liquor, as distinct from beer or wine.

Broad conclusions can't yet be drawn, because the data are scattered in various substance-use and behavior surveys that span more than a decade, but Donovan's hope is to impel people to examine an age group that's been largely overlooked in alcohol studies. The data suggest that prevention might best be timed around fifth-grade, he says. Such efforts would be most effective, he and others say, if they involve not just schools, but families and whole communities as well.

并不能做出更广泛的结论,因为这些数据因药物滥用和十多年的行为调查变得支离破碎.但是Donovan希望驱使人们能够检测一个年龄阶层在酒精上的问题.他说道,有数据显示最佳的预防时机是在五年级左右.如果不仅是学校,家庭和社会都来参与的话,这样的努力将有巨大的效果.

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