【沪研节目】冲击翻译不得不恋(4)
【英文翻译的基本方法和技巧之二】
（资料来源： 朱泰祺《新编硕士研究生英语入学考试复习指导》）
词义的引申：指翻译时不光注意词的本义，应该在该词原意的基础上，结合语篇意思，加以引申，选择最为贴切的汉语词语来表达。
1请用四步翻译法（忘记了的同学请点这里参考）对下面句子进行结构分析和句子划分.( 黑体处为上下文，来自1995年真题)
The standardized educational or psychological tests that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books ,magazines, the daily press, and even in congress.
The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools ,with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions.
2请将上面的句子推敲词义并翻译成中文。
3请把下面句子翻译成中文。（来自1991年真题)
New sources of energy must be found ,and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.
论坛节目参与地址： 【穿越研英】冲击翻译不得不恋>>>
（资料来源： 朱泰祺《新编硕士研究生英语入学考试复习指导》）
词义的引申：指翻译时不光注意词的本义，应该在该词原意的基础上，结合语篇意思，加以引申，选择最为贴切的汉语词语来表达。
例一：It is all very well, again ,to have a tiger in the tank ,but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
分析：本句中tiger原义为“老虎”，但在此处意指“标号高的优质汽油”。本文是讲司机在马路上开车时的行文举止，故第二个不定式中的one（tiger），从上下文的逻辑意思看，无疑是指“横冲直撞的（或者粗鲁乱开车的）司机”，相当于英语中的reckless driver。
顺便提下，It is all very well （for sb. to do sth.）, but……意为“……当然可以……但……”,例如，It’s all very well for you to suggest a holiday in Italy, but how am I to fin the money?
译文：当然油箱里装满优质汽油倒是好事，但是驾驶室里要是坐着横冲直撞的司机就完全是另一回事了。
例二：There will be television chat shows hosted by robots , and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
这句话头一次出现在popo眼前时，翻译它着实费了一番功夫，结果还翻错了，仔细看看，你翻译对了呢？
分析：disable （=make sb . unable to do sth .）使某人丧失做某事的能力。本句中的disable的宾语是汽车，故将其引申为“使汽车停驶”或“使汽车无法行使”。Offend（=cause sb. To feel upset or angry ; hurt the feeling of ; do wrong to sb ./sth）触怒，冒犯（某人）；伤某人情感。从本句的上下文看，they 指汽车，故此处offend意为“（汽车）违反排污标准”，即“排污超标”或“排污违规”。
译文：解释，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染控制器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标（违规），监控器就会将使其停驶。
【作业】 （别急，慢慢思考后动笔,生命在于点滴之间~）1请用四步翻译法（忘记了的同学请点这里参考）对下面句子进行结构分析和句子划分.( 黑体处为上下文，来自1995年真题)
The standardized educational or psychological tests that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and military personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books ,magazines, the daily press, and even in congress.
The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools ,with characteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified conditions.
2请将上面的句子推敲词义并翻译成中文。
3请把下面句子翻译成中文。（来自1991年真题)
New sources of energy must be found ,and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.
论坛节目参与地址： 【穿越研英】冲击翻译不得不恋>>>
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