2016考研英语:新闻热词英译汇总(12)

作者: 来源:中国日报 时间:2015-12-16 14:00

近期的新闻热词有:

1. 诺奖效应推动'中医'研究

2. 京'积分落户制'征求民意

3. '参与式扶贫'让群众说话

4. 春运抢票被'验证码'难倒

5. 高校'研究生妈妈'渐流行

6. '股票发行注册制'将实施

7. 北京首启'雾霾红色预警'

8. 美国收紧入境'免签项目'

传统中医

traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)

China's pharmacologist Tu Youyou received her 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Thursday, highlighting more attentions are paid to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches and its potentials. 我国药理学家屠哟哟10日被授予2015年诺贝尔奖生理学或医学奖,凸显了传统中医研究及其潜力正得到更多关注。

屠呦呦从传统中医古籍(ancient classic works on TCM)中汲取灵感发现的青蒿素(artemisinin)对治疗疟疾非常有效(effective to cure malaria),从而挽救了全球数百万人的生命(save the lives of millions of people)。瑞典国王10日亲自为她颁发证书和金质奖章,以及一张价值400万瑞典克朗(约300万人民币)的奖金支票。

屠呦呦在诺奖报告会上称,中国医药学(Chinese medicine and pharmacology)是一个伟大宝库(treasure-house),应当努力发掘,加以提高(should be explored and raised to a higher level)。传统中医在秉承古老中医药科学精髓(stick to the essence of the time-honored medical science)的同时,也应加快与现代科技和实验手段的结合(embrace modern technologies and laboratory tools)。

[相关词汇]

青蒿 sweet wormwood

中药疗法 TCM remedy

针灸 acupuncture

人参 ginseng

临床经验 experience on clinical practice

积分落户制

points-based hukou system

Beijing authorities released two draft regulations on a points-based hukou (household registration) system and residential permit on Thursday to solicit public opinions. 10日,北京市政府公布了积分落户制度和居住证管理办法草案,公开征求社会意见。

"积分落户制"可以用a points-based hukou (household registration) system表示,指外来务工人员积分入户核准分值达到一定值后即可申请落户。

申请落户者需持北京居住证(have a Beijing residential permit)、不满45岁(under 45 years old)、在京连续缴纳社保7年以上(have paid social insurance in the capital for at least seven consecutive years)、符合计生政策、无犯罪记录(have no criminal record)。

积分落户指标体系包括合法稳定就业(stable employment)、合法稳定住所(stable residence)、教育背景(educational background)、职住区域、创新创业、纳税、信用守法等指标。

[相关词汇]

年度配额 yearly quota

六大城区 six urban districts

郊区 suburban districts

高端人群 high-end groups

低端产业 lower-end industries

参与式扶贫

participatory poverty-reduction

Participatory poverty-reduction allows poverty-stricken families to have a bigger say in how the money intended to benefit them is used. Currently it is bureaucrats at various levels that decide the distribution of funds while the voices of those needing help are ignored. "参与式扶贫"让贫困家庭在扶贫资金的使用上有更多话语权。目前的扶贫模式还是各级官员决定资金的分配,而急需扶贫的民众的声音却被忽略。

贵州省2014年度审计报告(the 2014 auditing report)披露,该省20个县有7.96亿元扶贫资金(poverty reduction fund)闲置6个月以上(be left unused for over half a year),其中,1.92亿元资金闲置2年以上。种种乱象暴露出当下扶贫管理的粗放。

参与式扶贫,即社区主导(community-dominated)、民众参与的扶贫。通过民主选举决定什么项目更符合地方实际,扶贫资金该怎么花(how poverty reduction funds should be used)。这样的扶贫,可以让扶贫资金的分配和管理公开透明(bring their distribution and management out from behind closed doors),有助于防止其被滥用或侵占(help prevent their misappropriation and embezzlement)。

[相关词汇]

区域扶贫 regional poverty reduction

精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation

扶贫到户 make the poverty alleviation reach households

小康社会 well-off society

财政支持 fiscal support

验证码

verification code

Growing calls are being made to create a better customer verification code for the purchase of railway ticket online, as many are concerned about the current system leading up to the Spring Festival buying rush. 近日,为网购火车票的用户提供更好验证码的呼声越来越强,许多人担心目前的系统导致春节抢票高峰。

为了防止抢票插件(ticket-buying plug-in)的干扰,今年,12306网站再次升级,目前采用的验证系统(verification system)要求用户从8幅彩图中选出符合描述的图片(match pictures with a corresponding description)。不过,很多人表示,图形验证码种类增加了,图片像素低、不清晰(low-pixel, fuzzy images),识别起来比较困难。有些关键词还从一个变成了两个。

据统计,12306网站的购票验证码共有581种,按照要输入两个关键词的规则,排列组合(permutation)多达336980种。一次性输入准确的比例为8%,两次输入准确的比例为27%,三次甚至四次以上输入准确的比例为65%。如果一次性输入成功的平均用时为5秒的话,按照热门车票(popular tickets)"秒杀"(flash sale)的情况计算,每输错一次验证码,就意味着当次购票成功率下降80%左右。

此外,为防止黄牛党(scalpers)囤票抢票(snap up quantities of tickets),再以高价转手(resell them at inflated prices),12306近日开始执行手机"双向核验"(two-factor authentication),将手机号和身份证绑定,防止身份信息被抢注,验证后可以用手机号登录。

[相关词汇]

春运 Spring Festival travel rush

实名购票 real-name ticket purchasing

退票 refund a ticket

车票改签 ticket changing

电话订票 telephone booking

直达列车 non-stop train

特快列车 express train

动车 bullet train

站票 standing-only ticket

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