考研英语考前30天狂背作文(35)

38Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the picture;
2. interpret the meaning of the picture;
3. make your comments.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
这道题目看似简单，却富含哲理，对我们而言是一个很好的挑战。在谋篇布局上，需要精心安排。可以这样做：在描述图画后，在第二段中直接对图中的论断进行批驳，而后在第三段拓展到社会生活中相关的方面。最后在第四段中下结论。In the picture, a young man is lying in bed and says to himself, "If I do nothing, I will make no mistakes."
How ridiculous this statement is! To err is human-who can avoid making mistakes all the time? If we are careful and cautious enough, we can always learn from our mistakes and failures. So when we meet the same problem for the second time, we can tackle it from another angle and by another approach. After repeated attempts, we can reduce or even eliminate this kind of mistakes.
We cant help thinking of the inaction of some government officials. Their chief aim in their daily work is to make no mistakes. Whenever emergency happens, they never take immediate action. Instead, they always report it to his superior and ask him what can be done. In many cases, time has been wasted and the best opportunities to make remedies have been lost. If government officials cannot make decisions and take actions, why do we need them?
Like the government officials, people of other professions should also take on their responsibility to do what they are required to do without hesitation. Mistakes are not a bad thing so long as we are determined to learn from them and make constant progress.该文的结构安排非常精彩。第一段对图画进行描述，非常简洁。第二段共分五句，直接对图中人的观点进行批驳。第一句话使用感叹句，极言上述说法之荒谬。第二句引用谚语，说明"人非圣贤，孰能无过"。第三句话说，我们总是能从错误和失败中学到东西。第四句和第五句说我们在遇到同样的问题时，总是可以尝试不同的方法以减少甚至消灭这类错误。
第三段共分六句，以某些政府官员为例。第一句使用了常见的举例子的句型。第二句说明他们的主要目的是"但求无过"。第三句和第四句说紧急情况出现时，他们不采取紧急行动，而是汇报给上级。第五句说时间浪费了，最好的补救时机错过了。最后一句说，如果政府官员不能做决定、采取行动，我们要他们干什么呢？这一段将上述对道理的分析与当前社会生活中的现象结合起来，很有说服力。
最后一段有两句话，第一句说每个人都应负起责任，毫不犹豫地履行自己的职责。第二句说错误并不是坏事，只要我们从中学习便可以获得进步。要想写好哲理性的文章，平时要养成思考的习惯。在行文过程中，先辨明道理，而后与时事相结合是个不错的选择。不要忘记最后给出有力的结论。
39Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should:
1. describe the picture;
2. interpret the meaning of the picture;
3. make your comment.
You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

这篇文章属于简洁的图画配一句意味深长的话的类型。可以分为四段来写。第一段描述图画并对图画进行初步的概括性的阐释。第二段从图画出发，谈论在体育比赛中的情形。第三段谈论在人生旅途中的情况。第四段作结。In the picture, a football player is smiling on the platform. Under the picture, there is a sentence: a hero is no braver than an ordinary man, but is braver five minutes longer. This famous quotation, first said by US essayist & poet Ralph Waldo Emerson, aims at encouraging all of us rethink our life attitude and exert all our strength in the pursuit of our goals.
When we look at an excellent player and an ordinary one in a football game, we can not tell them apart from their appearance. Physical quality is important, but it can not be compared with mental ability, just as University of Michigan head coach Lloyd Carr once said, "Mental is to physical what four is to one". Toward the end of a fierce game, when everyone is nearly exhausted, who can clench ones teeth and hold on to the end is certainly a hero.
In our journey of life, there are critical moments that involve much greater risks than on the sports field. Many disasters come so quickly that we have nearly no time to hesitate at all. The first natural reaction is to flee the scene, whether it is a derailed train, a wrecked ship or a place of explosion. Nevertheless, such emergent moments call for heroes, those people who can resist fear and try his best to lead or help fellow citizens out of grave danger.
Instead of showing off our own ability or defeating others, what is of vital importance is to push beyond our own limits and hold on for another five minutes. Perhaps that is the very meaning of life itself. 第一段在描述图画后，直接对绘画者的意图进行测度--这句出自爱默生之口的名言，旨在激励我们重新审视我们的人生态度，并在追求我们目标的过程中竭尽全力。这种在描述图画后直接进行概括性推断的做法不太常用，主要出现在两种情况下：一是图画简洁，描述简单；二是在后续两段对道理进行深入的阐释，且两段是层递性的，而不是原因加办法或后果加办法的类型。
第二段讲在体育比赛中的情形。第一句说优秀的选手与普通的选手外表上分不出来。第二句引著名教练卡尔的话说明精神比身体重要得多。第三句说当激烈的比赛快要结束时，每个人都已精疲力竭，而咬紧牙关坚持到底的人就一定是英雄。这一句是对图画的呼应--图上的运动员发出会心的微笑，他一定是在赛场上拼尽全力坚持到最后的人，可能正是他最后五分钟的进球为整个球队赢得了胜利。
第三段讲在人生的旅途上，我们会遇到比赛场上危险得多的关键时刻。许多灾难来得如此突然，我们根本没有时间犹豫。人的自然反应是逃离现场，但是这样的危急时刻需要英雄--那些能抵抗恐惧，带领或帮助众人脱离危险的人。
第四段是结语。不是为了炫耀自己的能力或者战胜别人，最重要的事情是突破我们自己的极限，再坚持五分钟。这句话是对图画的呼唤，也是上两段精髓的直接拓展。最后说，这可能就是生命的意义吧，句中very和itself均是加强语气的手段，读来觉得铿锵有力。写好哲理性文章的关键是要抓住图画和关键句子的精髓--理解得越深入就可能写得越成功。
在写作时，选取典型的例子非常重要。例子可使文章生动起来，可使说理深入浅出，易于理解。
在写作中，可以分两段来进行说理，第一段扣紧图画所描述的场景，而第二段则推衍至人生的层面。这样由浅入深，层次感强，道理也容易谈得透彻。