2017考研:英语语法详解(27)
强调句
英语的强调主要有两种:一是强调非谓语;二是强调谓语动词。
一、强调非谓语
其基本句型是:“It + is/was + 被强调的成分 +that/who + 其她成分”。It 没有实意,只起语法作用,引导被强调的部分。当被强调的是人时,可用who(m)/that, 其他情况用that。
例如:
It was I who/that met Jack yesterday. 是我昨天碰到了Jack.(强调主语)
It was yesterday that I met Jack. 是昨天我碰到了Jack.(强调时间状语)
It is people, not things, that are decisive. 决定的因素是人,不是物。(强调主语)
It was Jack that/whom I met yesterday. 我昨天碰到的是Jack。(强调宾语)
It is because the book is very important for my present job that I bought it. 是因为这本书对我目前的工作很有用,我才买了它。(强调原因状语)
It was in the supermarket that I gave the book to him. 是在那家超市里,我给了他那本书。(强调地点状语)
1.强调主语:
It was John who broke the window. 是John打破了窗子。
原句:John broke the window.
It is this overpass that will be pulled down. 将被拆掉的是这个天桥。
原句:This overpass will be pulled down.
It is the people who/that are really powerful. 真正有力量的是人民。
原句:The people are really powerful.
2.强调状语:
(1)强调时间状语。
例如:
It was at that moment that he changed his mind.
是在那一刻他改变了主意。
It is every day that Professor Smith goes swimming.
史密斯教授是天天去游泳。
It was not until Saturday that he began to prepare for the examination. 他直到星期六才开始为考试作准备。
注意:这句话的原句是He did not begin to prepare for the examination until Saturday. 变成强调时间状语,注意“not” 位置的变化。
(2)强调地点状语。
例如:
It was in the library that I met Jack yesterday.
是在图书馆我昨天碰到了Jack.
原句:I met Jack in the library yesterday.
It might have been on the bus that I lost my purse.
可能是在公共汽车上我丢失了钱包。
原句是:I might have lost my purse on the bus. 强调地点状语,也可改为:It was on the bus that I might have lost my purse.
It was under the tree that I was sitting then. 当时我正坐在那棵树下。
3.强调宾语:
例如:
It was Tom’s bike that she borrowed, not mine.
她借的是Tom的自行车,不是我的。
It is his dog that he’s sold, not his car. 他已卖掉的是他的狗,不是车。
It was a cat that your dog was running after. 你的狗追的是只猫。
4.强调宾语补足语:
例如:
It was wonderful that we considered his plan.
我们认为他的计划是绝妙的。
It is Lincoln that they named the aircraft carrier.
他们把那艘航母命名为林肯号。
It was captain that the team chose him. 那个队选他当的是队长。
It was white that Tom was painting the fence.
汤姆当时正在把篱笆涂成白色的。
这句话的原句是:Tom was painting the fence white.
类似的结构有:color the sun red, color the tree green, paint the wall pink 等,这里,颜色作宾语补足语。
It is a fine player that we believe Jane.
我们相信Jane是一个出色的选手。
It is the Buckingham Palace that the British Queen’s office building is called. 英国女王的办公大楼被称作白金汉宫。
It is Cadillac that this car is named. 这辆车被命名为卡迪拉克。
二、强调谓语动词
用“助动词do + 动词原形”来强调谓语动词。
注意:谓语动词只有两种时态能强调,即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中,do有人称的变化,第三人称单数用does,一般过去时do 变成did。其他时态的强调通过重读谓语动词来体现。
例如:
You’re quite wrong? she does like you. 你错了,她真的喜欢你。
Do come in. 快进来。
用“助动词do + 动词原形”来强调谓语动词。
1.强调一般现在时动词谓语:
例如:
I work hard. →I do work hard.
She loves you. →She does love you.
My father smokes a lot. →My father does smoke a lot.
2.强调一般过去时动词谓语:
例如:
I called you in the morning.
→I did call you in the morning.
I attended the meeting yesterday.
→ I did attend the meeting yesterday.
I handed in the paper yesterday.
→I did hand in the paper yesterday.
He wrote a letter to me yesterday.
→He did write a letter to me.
He came to see you yesterday.
→He did come to see you yesterday.
(三)、其他表示强调的方式
1.把要强调的部分放在句首:
例如:
That film?what do you think of it?
Asleep, then, were you?
2.用某些特殊的词来表示强调,如really, certainly, definitely, very等。在口语中,such 和so 都常用于强调句。
如:
Thank you so much.
It was such a lovely party.
I really enjoyed it.
This is the very book that I am looking for. 我要找的就是这本书。
猜你喜欢
- 出国留学中介前十名介绍 沪江是最好的选择
想要出国留学却没有时间没有精力去办理出国留学的手续,这个时候寻找一个好的出国留学中介就成了最好的办法,好的中介可以让自己更合理的去挑选自己喜欢的国家和学校,而且中介还有出国培训相关的内容,这...
- 日本动漫游戏:学校的圣域
feng社第9作第1弹《彼女のセイイキ(她的圣域)》,而系列的第2弹《妹的圣域》已于2015年08月28日发售,系列第3弹《学校的圣域》在2016年11月发售。
- 日本惊悚恐怖电影《裸体之夜:掠夺狂爱》
《裸体之夜2:掠夺狂爱》是由石井隆执导,竹中直人、佐藤宽子等领衔主演日本惊悚情色电影。该片讲述了主人公红次郎替年轻女孩加藤怜寻找叫“多绘”的救命恩人,结果踏入充满危机的“粉红”漩涡中。
- 秒变单身狗:哪些话不能对恋人说
恋爱初期总是美好而甜蜜的,然而两人长期处下来,就会发现对方的不足之处。生气起来口不择言,结果深深的伤害到两人的感情。这期给大家介绍一些对恋人可不能说的一些话。
- 「こんにちわ」是个啥?你知道吗?
常逛日站或是和日本朋友聊天的小伙伴们肯定经常会听到一句:こんにちわ,从发音上我们可以猜出来是こんにちは,但是这个こんにちわ是怎么来的呢?他又是什么呢?下面就让沪江日语教研君来告诉你吧!
- 日本礼仪:你真的会斟酒吗?
走进社会,我们不仅要在工作上努力努力再努力,还要一边学习一些社交礼仪。酒会作为一种常见的社交活动,学会其中的斟酒礼仪也是一门学问。今日,小编给大家整理了日本的斟酒礼仪供大家参考学习。
- 动漫日语脱口而出:痛痛飞走了
看动漫不学日语?那就太可惜啦!花花团小组节目《动漫日语每日一句》,每天教大家一句动漫中的实用台词,让你在看动漫的同时学到地道日语口语。爱动漫,爱生活!一起来练习口语吧!